Transmissions
Eaton® Fuller® Straight-Shift Transmissions
Refer to the Eaton web site for additional information,www.roadranger.com. A connection to the Internet is required.
General Information, Straight-Shift
Eaton Fuller 5-speed FS models are fully synchronized. They have five forward speeds and one reverse. See Fig. 5.1 for the shift pattern.
Fig. 5.1, Shift Pattern, 5-Speed FS Models
Eaton Fuller 6-speed FS models are fully synchronized. They have six forward speeds and one reverse. See Fig. 5.2 for the shift pattern.
Fig. 5.2, Shift Pattern, 6-Speed FS and FSO Models
Eaton Fuller 7-speed T models are not synchronized. They have seven forward speeds and one reverse. See Fig. 5.3 for the shift pattern. These models are not synchronized; always double-clutch when shifting.
Fig. 5.3, Shift Pattern, 7-Speed T Models
These transmissions are designed for use with on-highway, fuel economy engines, where a minimum of shifting is desired and less gear reduction is acceptable.
Operation, Straight-Shift
1.
Always use 1st gear when starting to move the vehicle forward.
2.
Accelerate to engine governed speed. Disengage the clutch and move the shift lever to 2nd gear; double-clutch with the seven-speed models. Engage the clutch and accelerate to engine governed speed.
IMPORTANT: Do not rest your foot on the clutch pedal while driving. This causes partial clutch disengagement, which could cause premature clutch wear.
3.
Continue upshifting using the same sequence described in step 2 above. Follow the pattern on the shift lever.
4.
When downshifting, shift progressively down through each successive lower gear as follows:
4.
When the engine speed drops to the same rpm to which it fell immediately after upshifting to that same gear, disengage the clutch and move the shift lever to the next lower gear. Engage the clutch smoothly.
4.
Continue downshifting, as conditions require, using the same sequence described above.
NOTE: With synchronized models (five-speed and six-speed) disengage the clutch completely when shifting gears. Double clutching is unnecessary. With nonsynchronized models (seven-speed) always double-clutch when shifting gears. If the vehicle is moving when shifting, depress the clutch pedal just far enough to disengage the clutch. Depressing it to the floor will engage the clutch brake, if so equipped, causing premature clutch brake wear.
Eaton Fuller Range-Shift Transmissions
Refer to the Eaton web site for additional information,www.roadranger.com. A connection to the Internet is required.
General Information, Eaton Range-Shift
IMPORTANT: These are nonsynchronized transmissions. Always double-clutch when shifting gears. If the vehicle is moving when shifting, depress the clutch pedal just far enough to disengage the clutch. Pressing it to the floor will engage the clutch brake, if so equipped, causing premature clutch brake wear.
Eaton Fuller 9-speed range-shift models are not synchronized. They have nine forward speeds and two reverse speeds. The shift lever controls five forward gears and one reverse gear in the transmission front section, and the range lever controls a LO and HI range in the two-speed auxiliary section. The first position in the front section is used only as a starting gear. The other four ratios are used once in LO range and once again in HI range. See Fig. 5.4 for the shift pattern.
Fig. 5.4, Shift Pattern, 9-Speed Range-Shift Models
Eaton Fuller 10-speed range-shift models are not synchronized. They have ten forward speeds and two reverse speeds. The shift lever controls five forward gears and one reverse gear in the transmission front section, and the range lever controls a LO and HI range in the two-speed auxiliary section. The five forward gears selected in LO range are used again in HI range to provide the 10 progressive forward gears. See Fig. 5.5 for the direct-drive shift pattern or Fig. 5.6 for the overdrive pattern.
Fig. 5.5, Shift Pattern, 10-Speed (direct-drive models)
Fig. 5.6, Shift Pattern, 10-Speed (overdrive models)
Eaton Fuller 13-speed range-shift models are not synchronized. They have thirteen forward speeds and two reverse speeds. Each transmission consists of a 5-speed front section, and a 3-speed auxiliary section. The auxiliary section contains LO- and HI-range ratios, plus an overdrive splitter gear. See Fig. 5.7 for the shift pattern.
All of the thirteen speeds are controlled with one shift lever. Built into the shift knob are a range preselection lever and a splitter control button (on the side of the shift knob). These control range selection and gear splits, respectively.
- A. HI Range (up)
- B. LO Range (down)
- C. Overdrive (forward)
- D. Direct Drive (aft)
- 1. Splitter Control Button
Fig. 5.7, Shift Pattern, 13-Speed Models
Eaton Fuller deep-reduction models are not synchronized. They have a five-speed front section and a two-speed auxiliary section which has an extra deep reduction gear. The LO gear in the front section is used only as a starting gear. The other four ratios are used once in LO range and once in HI range giving eight highway ratios. LO-LO is selected by the deep-reduction lever on the dashboard. See Fig. 5.8 for the shift pattern.
Fig. 5.8, Shift Pattern, Deep Reduction
Operation, All Eaton Range-Shift Models
1.
When operating off-highway, or under adverse conditions, always use low gear when starting to move the vehicle.
1.
For all conditions, use the highest gear that is still low enough to start the vehicle moving with the engine idling, and without slipping the clutch excessively.
CAUTION
2.
Use the clutch brake to stop gear rotation when shifting into low (or 1st) or reverse when the vehicle is stationary. The clutch brake is applied by depressing the clutch pedal all the way to the floor.
2.
For normal upshifts and downshifts, only a partial disengagement of the clutch is necessary to break engine torque.
3.
Do not make range shifts with the vehicle moving in reverse gear.
4.
Never attempt to move the range preselection lever with the gear shift lever in neutral while the vehicle is moving. Preselection with the range preselection lever must be made prior to moving the shift lever out of gear into neutral.
5.
Do not shift from high range to low range at high vehicle speeds.
6.
Use double-clutching between all upshifts and downshifts that require movement of the shift lever.
7.
After your shifting ability improves, you may want to skip some of the ratios. This may be done only when operating conditions permit, depending on the load, grade, and road speed.
Operation, 9-Speed Models
Upshifting
1.
Position the gear shift lever in neutral. See Fig. 5.4 for the shift pattern. Start the engine, and bring the air system pressure up to 95 to 125 psi (655 to 862 kPa).
2.
Position the range preselection lever down into low range.
3.
Depress the clutch pedal to the floor. Shift into low or 1st gear, then engage the clutch, with the engine at or near idle rpm, to start the vehicle moving.
4.
Shift progressively upward from low or 1st gear through 4th gear, double-clutching between shifts.
4.
Use only enough speed to keep the engine above peak torque rpm after the upshift. The engine may need to be at rated rpm before upshifts.
5.
While in the 4th gear and ready for the next upshift, flip the range preselection lever up into high range. Double-clutch through neutral, and shift into 5th gear. As the shift lever passes through neutral, the transmission will automatically shift from low range to high range.
6.
With the transmission in high range, shift progressively upward through 8th gear, double-clutching between shifts.
Downshifting
1.
With the transmission in high range, shift progressively downward to 5th gear, double-clutching between shifts.
2.
When in 5th gear and ready for the next downshift, push the range preselection lever down into low range. Double-clutch through neutral, and shift into 4th gear. As the shift lever passes through neutral, the transmission will automatically shift from high range to low range.
3.
With the transmission in low range, downshift through the low range gears as conditions require.
Operation, 10-Speed Models
Upshifting
2.
Position the range preselection lever down, into low range.
3.
Depress the clutch pedal to the floor. Shift into 1st gear; then, engage the clutch with the engine at or near idle rpm to start the vehicle moving.
4.
Shift progressively upward from 1st gear through 5th gear, always double-clutching between gears.
4.
Use only enough speed to keep the engine above peak torque rpm after the upshift. The engine may need to be at rated rpm before upshifts.
5.
While in 5th gear and ready for the next upshift, flip the range preselection lever up into high range. Double-clutch through neutral, and shift into 6th gear. As the shift lever passes through neutral, the auxiliary section will automatically shift from low range to high range.
CAUTION
6.
With the transmission in high range, shift progressively upward through 8th gear, always double- clutching between gears.
Downshifting
1.
With the transmission in high range, shift progressively downward to 6th gear, always double- clutching between gears.
2.
When in 6th gear and ready for the next downshift, push the range preselection lever down into low range. Double-clutch through neutral, and shift into 5th gear. As the shift lever passes through neutral, the transmission will automatically shift from high range to low range.
3.
With the auxiliary section in low range, downshift through the low range gears as conditions require, always double-clutching between gears.
Operation, 13-Speed Models with Splitter
Low gear in the front section is used only as a starting ratio. The remaining four forward positions are used once in the LO range and once in the HI range. However, each of the four High range gear positions can be split. Ratios cannot be split while the transmission is in LO range.
IMPORTANT: The shift knob has an interlock feature that prevents the splitter control button from being moved forward when the range preselection lever is down (in LO range), and, when in HI range with the splitter control button forward, prevents the range preselection lever from being moved down.
1.
Use double-clutching between all upshifts and downshifts that require movement of the shift lever. Splitting of the High range gears does not require movement of the shift lever.
2.
Never attempt to move the shift lever into Low gear while in High range.
3.
Never move the splitter control button while in Neutral.
4.
Do not preselect with the splitter control button; after moving the control button, complete the shift immediately.
5.
Except when downshifting from 5th direct to 4th gear, never push the range preselection lever down into LO range while operating in HI range—the splitter will become inoperative.
Upshifting
1.
Position the gear shift lever in neutral. Start the engine, and bring the air system pressure within 95 to 125 psi (655 to 862 kPa).
2.
Make sure the range preselection lever is down (in LO range).
3.
Make sure the splitter control button is in the direct (aft) position.
4.
Start the vehicle.
4.1
Press the clutch to the floor.
4.2
Shift into Low or 1st gear.
4.3
Release the clutch, with the engine at or near idle speed, to start the vehicle moving.
4.4
Accelerate to 80 percent of engine governed speed.
5.
Shift upward from Low to 1st gear, 2nd, etc. until 4th gear, double-clutching between shifts, and accelerating to 80 percent of engine governed speed.
6.
When in 4th gear and ready to shift up to 5th gear, use the range shift lever as follows:
6.1
While in 4th gear, pull the range shift preselection lever up, into HI range.
6.2
Disengage the clutch and double-clutch through neutral. The transmission will automatically shift from LO to HI range as the shift lever passes through neutral.
6.3
Move the shift lever to 5th gear.
6.4
Engage the clutch and accelerate the engine.
7.
Shift up through the HI range gears as follows:
7.1
To shift from 5th direct to 5th overdrive, move the splitter control button into the overdrive (forward) position, then immediately release the accelerator. Press and release the clutch pedal. After releasing the clutch, accelerate again.
7.2
Continue upshifting through the shift pattern. Double-clutch during lever shifts (6th to 7th to 8th); single-clutch during split shifts (6th direct to 6th overdrive, etc.).
Downshifting
1.
Downshift from 8th overdrive to 8th direct without moving the shift lever.
1.1
Move the splitter control button to the direct (aft) position. Immediately release the accelerator, and disengage the clutch.
1.2
Engage the clutch, and accelerate the engine only after the transmission has shifted.
2.
Downshift from 8th direct to 7th overdrive.
2.1
Start the downshift by moving the splitter control button to the overdrive (forward) position.
2.2
Immediately double-clutch through neutral, moving the shift lever from 8th to 7th gear
3.
Shift downward through each of the HI range gears, alternating the procedures in steps 1 and 2, above, until reaching 5th direct.
4.
While in 5th direct and ready for the downshift to 4th, push the range preselection lever down. Then, double-clutch through neutral and move the shift lever to the 4th gear position.
5.
Continue downshifting from 4th to 1st as conditions require.
Operation, Deep-Reduction Models
Upshifting
1.
Position the gear shift lever in neutral. See Fig. 5.8 for the shift pattern. Start the engine, and bring the air system pressure up to 95 to 125 psi (655 to 862 kPa).
2.
Position the range preselection lever down, into low range.
NOTE: If conditions are difficult, start out in LO-LO. Move the deep reduction lever on the dashboard to the IN position. Otherwise start out in LO with the deep reduction lever in the OUT position.
3.
Depress the clutch pedal to the floor. Shift into LO gear; then, engage the clutch, with the engine at or near idle rpm to start the vehicle moving. The vehicle will start in LO or LO-LO depending on the deep reduction lever position.
4.
To upshift if in LO-LO, move the deep reduction lever to the OUT position and immediately release the accelerator, depress the clutch pedal once to break torque, and reengage the clutch. The auxiliary section will shift from LO-LO to LO when the gears reach the same speed.
5.
Shift progressively upward from LO through 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th gears while the range preselection lever is in LO. Always double-clutch between gears.
6.
When in 4th gear and ready for the next upshift, pull up the range preselection lever and move the shift lever, double-clutching, to the 5th gear position. As the shift lever passes through neutral, the auxiliary section will automatically shift from low to high range.
CAUTION
7.
Continue upshifting from 5th gear through 8th gear, always double-clutching between gears.
Downshifting
1.
While in high range, move the gear shift lever from 8th gear through 5th gear as conditions require, always double-clutching between gears.
2.
When in 5th gear and ready for the next downshift, push down the range preselection lever and move the shift lever to the 4th gear position, being sure to double-clutch. As the shift lever passes through neutral, the auxiliary section will automatically shift from high to low range.
3.
While in the low range, continue downshifting from 4th through LO as conditions require, always double-clutching between gears.
4.
Do not downshift into LO-LO from LO unless operating conditions make it necessary. If it is necessary, make sure that the shift lever is in the LO gear position and the auxiliary section is in the low range. Then, move the DEEP REDUCTION lever on the dashboard to the IN position. Immediately release the accelerator, depress the clutch pedal once to break torque, engage the clutch, and accelerate. The auxiliary section will automatically shift from LO to LO-LO when the gears reach the same speed.
Eaton Fuller Super 10 Models
Refer to the Eaton web site for additional information,www.roadranger.com. A connection to the Internet is required.
General Information, Super 10
10-Speed RTLO Models
Eaton Fuller Super 10 transmissions have ten selective forward ratios and a two-speed rear range section. Half of the 10 speed ratios are shifted with the shift lever and the other half are shifted by moving the shift button.
There are three types of shifts used with the Super 10 transmission. The button-only shift is a gear range shift that occurs by moving the shift button (see Fig. 5.9 ). The lever-only shift occurs when the shift lever is moved without moving the shift button. The combination button/lever shift is a gear ratio change that occurs by moving both the shift button and the shift lever. Button-only and combination button/lever shifts are both full gear changes and the lever-only shift skips a gear. See Fig. 5.10 for the shift patterns.
Top-2 (T2) transmissions are equipped with an optional feature that allows the transmission to automatically shift between the top two gears (9th-10th) without the need for button shifts.
- A. Shift Button
- B. Gears 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 when button is forward
- C. Gears 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 when button is rearward
Fig. 5.9, Super 10 Shift Knob
Fig. 5.10, Super 10 Transmission Shift Pattern
Operation, Super 10
1.
When operating off-highway, or under adverse conditions, always use low gear (if so equipped) when starting to move the vehicle.
1.
When operating on-highway, with no load, or under ideal conditions, use 1st gear when starting to move the vehicle.
1.
For all conditions, use the highest gear that is still low enough to start the vehicle moving with engine idling, and without slipping the clutch excessively.
2.
Use the clutch brake to stop gear rotation when shifting into 1st or reverse when the vehicle is stationary. The clutch brake is actuated by depressing the clutch pedal all the way to the floor.
2.
For normal upshifts and downshifts, only a partial disengagement of the clutch is necessary to break engine torque.
3.
Do not make range shifts with the vehicle moving in reverse gear.
4.
The shift lever should not be moved to the center or left rail positions at vehicle speeds above 40 mph (65 km/h).
5.
Use double-clutching between all upshifts and downshifts.
6.
After your shifting ability improves, you may want to skip some of the ratios. This may be done only when operating conditions permit, depending on the load, grade, and road speed.
CAUTION
7.
Avoid hunting for neutral by moving the gear shift lever from the left rail to right rail. This action can cause excessive transmission wear.
Upshifting
1.
Position the gear shift lever in neutral. Start the engine, and bring the air system pressure up to 100 to 120 psi (689 to 827 kPa).
2.
Depress the clutch pedal to the floor. Shift into 1st gear, then engage the clutch, with the engine at or near idle speed, to start the vehicle moving.
3.
Button shift—Preselect the next gear by sliding the shift button forward. Break torque by releasing the throttle or by depressing the clutch pedal. Decrease engine speed to synchronize the engine speed with the transmission speed. The shift will complete when the engine rpm has decreased to the proper speed. The button only shift is used for gear changes from 1st to 2nd, 3rd to 4th, 5th to 6th, 7th to 8th, and 9th to 10th.
4.
Combination button and lever shift—Preselect the next gear by sliding the shift button rearward. Break torque by releasing the throttle and depressing the clutch pedal. Double-clutching, move the shift lever to the next desired gear position. The combination button and lever shift is used for gear changes from 2nd to 3rd, 4th to 5th, 6th to 7th and 8th to 9th.
5.
Lever only shift—Break torque by releasing the throttle and depressing the clutch pedal. Double-clutching, move the shift lever to the next desired gear position. Decrease engine speed to synchronize the engine speed with the transmission speed. The shift will complete when the engine rpm has decreased to the proper speed. The lever only shift is used to skip a full gear. With the shift button rearward—1st to 3rd, 3rd to 5th, 5th to 7th, and 7th to 9th. With the shift button forward—2nd to 4th, 4th to 6th, 6th to 8th, 8th to 10th.
NOTE: Lever only shifts skip an entire gear ratio and will require the engine rpm to decrease twice the amount of a normal shift.
Downshifting
CAUTION
1.
Button shift—With the throttle still applied, preselect the next gear by sliding the shift button rearward. Break torque by releasing the throttle or by depressing the clutch pedal. Increase engine speed to synchronize the engine speed with the transmission speed. The shift will complete when the engine rpm has increased to the proper speed. The button only shift is used for gear changes from 10th to 9th, 8th to 7th, 6th to 5th, 4th to 3rd, and 2nd to 1st.
CAUTION
2.
Combination button and lever shift—With the throttle still applied, preselect the next gear by sliding the shift button forward. Break torque by releasing the throttle and depressing the clutch pedal. Double-clutching, move the shift lever to the next desired gear position. The combination button and lever shift is used for gear changes from 9th to 8th, 7th to 6th, 5th to 4th, and 3rd to 2nd.
CAUTION
3.
Lever-only shift—Break torque by releasing the throttle and depressing the clutch pedal. Double-clutching, move the shift lever to the next desired gear position. The lever-only shift is used to skip a full gear. With the shift button rearward—9th to 7th, 7th to 5th, 5th to 3rd, and 3rd to 1st. With the shift button forward—10th to 8th, 8th to 6th, 6th to 4th and 4th to 2nd.
NOTE: Never use the clutch brake when downshifting, or as a brake to slow the vehicle.
Eaton Fuller AutoSelect Automated Transmissions
General Information, AutoSelect
10-Speed RTAO Models
Eaton Fuller 10-speed RTAO models have 10 forward speeds and two reverse speeds. The transmission consists of a five-speed front section and a two-speed rear section. The driver must use the clutch to start and stop the vehicle.
When conditions are right for a shift, the transmission Electronic Control Unit (ECU) notifies the driver with a tone from the Driver Command Console (DCC). See Fig. 5.11 . The driver, when ready to shift, breaks torque and the transmission goes to neutral. The driver then either increases or decreases engine speed to synchronize the shift. When engine speed is correct, the transmission shifts automatically.
- A. Console Top View
- B. Select Handle Side View
- 1. Shift Tone Volume Buttons
- 2. Indicator Lamps
- 3. Gear Position Indicator
- 4. Upshift Button
- 5. Detent Button
- 6. Downshift Button
Fig. 5.11, Driver Command Console (DCC)
The AutoSelect system consists of the following components.
The Driver Display Module, or DDM ( Fig. 5.12 ), mounted on the dashboard, indicates gear position and the direction engine rpm needs to go for the next gear engagement. When the gear select lever is in the "D" position, the display module indicates what the driver must do to engage the next gear (decelerate or accelerate) by down and up arrows. When the gear number is solid on the display, that gear is fully engaged. When the gear number is flashing the transmission is either out of gear, waiting for the engine and transmission to synchronize, or the next gear engagement is in process.
- A. Driver Display Module
- B. Driver Display Module Detail
- 1. Decrease Engine RPM Arrows
- 2. Current Gear Position
- 3. Increase Engine RPM Arrows
- 4. 9th Gear Engaged
- 5. In 9th Gear, Preselected Toward 10th
- 6. Out Of Gear, Waiting For Engine/Transmission RPM To Synchronize
- 7. Engine/Transmission RPM Synchronized, Gear Engagement In Process
- 8. 10th Gear Engaged
Fig. 5.12, Driver Display Module (DDM)
The Driver Command Console, or DCC ( Fig. 5.11 ), replaces the shift lever and controls the transmission's shift patterns. There are indicators for the three forward positions: drive, hold, and low, plus reverse and neutral positions. Shift tone volume buttons and service and wait lamps are also located on the console. The gear select handle contains upshift and downshift buttons and a gear select lever detent button.
The shifter performs shifts at the front portion of the transmission. It preselects the shift to neutral and completes the gear change after driver input.
The Electronic Control Unit (ECU) consists of two controllers: a transmission ECU and a system ECU. The transmission ECU controls all transmission shift functions and the system ECU manages all vehicle interfaces for transmission shift functions.
An electronic range valve, controlled by the transmission ECU, is used to perform range shifts.
Operation, AutoSelect
Reverse
NOTE: To drive in reverse, first depress the clutch.
1.
Move the gear select lever to the "R" position.
2.
Select either LO or HI reverse by depressing either the downshift or upshift button ( Fig. 5.11 ) on the gear select handle.
3.
Release the clutch.
NOTE: The clutch must be used for starting and stopping.
Upshifting ("D" and "H" modes)
NOTE: It is the driver who decides when to upshift or downshift. When in the "D" mode, an upcoming shift can be cancelled by putting the gear select lever in the "H" mode or by using the gear select handle buttons. When in the "H" mode, it is possible to skip shift gears if the road and load conditions permit.
1.
Accelerate.
NOTE: In the "H" mode, depress the upshift button on the gear select handle. Depress twice to skip shift.
3.
Release the throttle for the shift to neutral. The upcoming gear flashes on the display when neutral is engaged. The arrows disappear, the current gear position stops flashing, and engine rpm decreases and becomes steady.
4.
Apply the throttle.
NOTE: If the shift is missed, control engine speed in the direction indicated by the arrows on the display to synchronize engine rpm with the transmission's speed.
Downshifting ("D" and "H" modes without an engine load)
1.
Decelerate
NOTE: In the "H" mode, depress the downshift button on the gear select handle. Depress twice to skip shift.
2.
An audible tone sounds from the Driver Command Console when the transmission is ready to shift. The arrows on the Driver Display Module indicate the direction engine rpm needs to go to synchronize the next shift. The next gear is shown on the display.
3.
Gently roll on the throttle. The upcoming gear flashes on the display when neutral is engaged. The arrows disappear, the current gear position stops flashing, and engine rpm increases and becomes steady.
4.
Continue decelerating.
NOTE: If the shift is missed, control engine speed in the direction indicated by the arrows on the display to synchronize engine rpm with the transmission's speed.
Downshifting ("D" and "H" modes with an engine load)
1.
Decelerate
NOTE: In the "H" mode, depress the downshift button on the gear select handle. Depress twice to skip shift.
2.
An audible tone sounds from the Driver Command Console when the transmission is ready to shift. The arrows on the Driver Display Module indicate the direction engine rpm needs to go to synchronize the next shift. The next gear is shown on the display.
3.
Release the throttle. The upcoming gear flashes on the display when neutral is engaged.
4.
Apply throttle to synchronize engine rpm with the transmission's speed. The arrows disappear, the current gear position stops flashing, and engine rpm increases and becomes steady.
NOTE: If the shift is missed, control engine speed in the direction indicated by the arrows on the display to synchronize engine rpm with the transmission's speed.
Eaton Fuller AutoShift™
Refer to the Eaton web site for additional information,www.roadranger.com. A connection to the Internet is required.
IMPORTANT: Before starting the vehicle, always do the following:
Be seated in the driver's seat.
Place the transmission in neutral.
Set the parking brakes.
Press the clutch pedal down to the floor.
The AutoShift AS2 is a partially automated 10-speed or 18-speed Eaton Fuller transmission. The AutoShift ASX is a partially automated 6-speed or 7-speed Eaton Fuller transmission. For all, the driver must use the clutch and put the transmission in neutral to start and stop the vehicle. A push-button shift selector ( Fig. 5.13 ) is used with AutoShift transmissions.
- 1. Not Used
- 2. R (reverse)
- 3. N (neutral)
- 4. D (drive)
- 5. MANUAL Mode
- 6. Low Gear Hold
- 7. Upshift/Downshift Arrows
- 8. SERVICE Light
- 9. Mode Indicator
- 10. Mode Button
Fig. 5.13, Eaton Push-Button Shift Selector
IMPORTANT: If you have to leave the cab with the engine running:
Place the transmission in neutral.
Set the parking brakes.
Chock the tires.
Push-Button Shift Selector
Gear information is presented to the driver on the push-button shift selector, usually mounted on the right-hand control panel. On this display, the information is presented as follows:
To select neutral, press the N button. When neutral is engaged, the telltale LED will light up next to the N button.
To select reverse, press the R button. When reverse is engaged, the telltale LED will light up next to the R button.
To select drive, press the D button. When drive is engaged, the telltale LED will light up next to the D button.
To select low gear, press the LOW button. When low is engaged, the telltale LED will light up next to the LOW button.
To change gears manually, press the MANUAL button. When the manual mode is engaged, the telltale LED will light up next to the MANUAL button.
Use the shift buttons (upshift/downshift) to change the current starting gear selection in R, D, and LOW. In MANUAL, the shift buttons can be used to select gears.
In automatic mode, the number of the forward gear currently engaged appears continually on the mode indicator when in drive. In MANUAL, the last gear selected appears on the mode indicator.
If the SERVICE indicator illuminates, take the vehicle as soon as possible to an authorized Freightliner service facility.
The mode button is reserved for future use.
IMPORTANT: To prevent engine overspeed, the transmission software will override both MANUAL and LOW if necessary. The system will not respond to gear selection requests that will either overspeed or excessively lug the engine.
Automatic Mode
The AutoShift transmission is normally operated in an automatic mode. To select MANUAL mode, press the MANUAL button on the push-button shift selector.
When the transmission is in automatic mode, the transmission automatically selects and engages the gears, although the transmission will respond to upshift and downshift requests as though in manual mode. See the instructions for shifting under heading "Manual Mode" below.
Manual Mode
When the transmission is in manual mode, the driver must select the appropriate gear, using the shift buttons on the push-button shift selector.
To upshift in MANUAL, press the upshift button (up arrow), and release. The number of the gear will appear on the mode indicator. If the requested gear is available, the transmission will shift up.
CAUTION
Many drivers upshift into the next gear or even skip-shift into a higher gear before the vehicle has reached the correct speed. This type of shifting is almost as bad as starting off in a gear that is too high. When the engine speed (rpm) and the vehicle speed (mph or km/h) are too far apart, the clutch must absorb the difference in speed by generating heat.
To downshift in MANUAL, press the downshift button (down arrow), and release. The number of the gear will appear on the mode indicator. If the requested gear is available, the transmission will shift down.
If any requested gear is not available, an audible warning will sound and the digital display will indicate that the gear is not available.
Selecting Gears, AutoShift
R (Reverse)
Reverse (R) is used to back the vehicle. Make sure the vehicle comes to a full stop and the clutch pedal has been pressed before shifting into reverse.
To select reverse, press the clutch pedal to the floor. Then press the R button.
N (Neutral)
Neutral (N) is used for starting, parking, or any stationary operation. No gear is selected. The transmission must be in neutral to start the engine.
IMPORTANT: If the vehicle starts up in any gear but neutral, bring the vehicle to an authorized Freightliner service facility as soon as possible.
To select neutral, press the clutch pedal to the floor. Then press the N button. Set the parking brakes and slowly release the clutch pedal.
NOTE: Neutral is always available during vehicle operation. When in neutral, requests to upshift or to downshift are ignored.
D (Drive)
Drive (D) is used for normal highway driving. In drive, the transmission shifts into the proper gear for starting, and then automatically selects additional gears as needed, in a range between the starting gear and the highest gear.
To select drive, press the clutch pedal to the floor. Then press the D button. Slowly release the clutch pedal and drive the vehicle.
To start up in a gear other than the normal starting gear, push the upshift arrow with D selected, and while the vehicle is stopped.
IMPORTANT: Autoshift will not start up in any gear higher than third gear.
The number of the gear selected will flash on the auxiliary display until the driver presses the clutch pedal. This gear will be stored in memory as the default starting gear until a different starting gear is selected by the driver, or until the engine is shut down.
NOTE: The transmission may be programmed so that it is not possible to select a starting gear other than the preprogrammed starting gear.
L (Low)
LOW is used to hold the transmission in low gear when descending steep hills. If LOW is selected when the vehicle is stopped, the transmission remains in low gear until drive is selected. If LOW is selected while the vehicle is moving, the transmission downshifts at a higher engine speed than normal, in order to maximize the engine braking effect.
To select LOW, press the clutch pedal to the floor. Then press the LOW button. Slowly release the clutch pedal and drive the vehicle.
IMPORTANT: Before parking the vehicle, always do the following:
Place the transmission in neutral.
Set the parking brakes.
Chock the tires, if parking on an incline.
Meritor Range-Shift Models
Refer to the Meritor web site for additional information,www.arvinmeritor.com. A connection to the Internet is required.
General Information, Meritor Range-Shift
9-Speed Models
Meritor 9-speed range-shift transmissions have a five-speed front section, and a two-speed auxiliary section. The low gear in the front sections of the "A" and "B" ratio transmissions is used only as a starting ratio. The high gear in the front section of the "R" ratio transmissions is used only as the top gear. The remaining gear positions of the above transmissions are used once in the low range and once in the high range. See Fig. 5.14 for the shift patterns.
NOTE: The 3rd/7th and 4th/8th shift positions in the RM and RMX (direct ratio) are opposite of the RMO (overdrive ratio) transmissions. The RMX-R ratio transmissions have the 1st/5th shift positions where low is in the A and B ratio transmissions. The top gear in the RMX-R ratio transmissions is called 9th gear.
- A. All M, MO, RM and RMX Transmissions
- B. All RMO Transmissions
- C. All RMX-R Transmissions
- 1. High Range
- 2. Low Range
Fig. 5.14, Meritor 9-Speed Transmission Shift Patterns
10-Speed Models
Meritor 10-speed range-shift transmissions have 10 evenly-spaced forward ratios. Each transmission consists of a five-speed front section, and a two-speed auxiliary section. The 10 forward speeds are obtained by twice using a five-speed shift pattern: the 1st time in low range, the 2nd time in high range. See Fig. 5.15 for the shift pattern.
- A. All M, MO, RM and RMX Transmissions
- B. All RMO Transmissions
- C. High Range
- D. Low Range
Fig. 5.15, Meritor 10-Speed Transmission Shift Patterns
Operation, Meritor Range-Shift
IMPORTANT: Always use the correct gear. Using the correct gear can prevent shock load to the transmission. Shock load can damage gear teeth immediately or cause damage that appears later.
Reverse
To drive in reverse, push the range selector lever down and put the transmission in the low range. Push the clutch pedal to the bottom of its travel, so that the clutch brake slows the transmission for initial gear engagement. While holding the clutch pedal at the bottom of its travel, shift into reverse.
Slowly release the clutch pedal and move the vehicle in reverse.
Upshifting
1.
To drive forward, make sure the vehicle is completely stopped and that the range selector lever is pushed down to put the transmission in the low range.
2.
Push the clutch pedal to the bottom of its travel, so that the clutch brake slows the transmission for initial gear engagement. While holding the clutch pedal at the bottom of its travel, shift into low gear.
3.
Slowly release the clutch pedal and begin moving the vehicle forward.
4.
To upshift into 1st gear, only partial depression of the clutch pedal is needed. Do not push the clutch pedal all the way to the floor and engage the clutch brake. Instead, partially depress the clutch pedal, and move the shift lever into neutral.
5.
Release the clutch, and allow the engine to decelerate until the road speed and the engine rpm match.
6.
Partially depress the clutch pedal, and move the shift lever into 1st gear.
7.
Double clutch and continue upshifting until you reach the top gear in the low range, 4th gear in nine-speed models, 5th gear in 10-speed models. See Table 5.1 .
|
Meritor Shift Progressions |
|||
|---|---|---|---|
|
TRANS. MODEL |
LOW RANGE |
HIGH RANGE |
|
|
Off-Highway |
On-Highway |
||
|
9-Speed Direct or Overdrive (All Others) |
 |
 |
 |
|
9-Speed Direct (RMX-R) |
 |
|
 |
|
9-Speed Overdrive (RMO) |
 |
|
 |
|
10-Speed Direct or Overdrive (All Others) |
 |
|
 |
|
10-Speed Overdrive (RMO) |
 |
|
 |
Table 5.1, Meritor Shift Progressions
8.
To upshift into high range—with the transmission still in the highest low-range gear—move the range selector lever up and put the transmission into high range, then partially depress the clutch pedal and move the shift lever into neutral. As the shift lever passes through neutral, the transmission will automatically shift from low range to high range.
9.
Release the clutch pedal, and let the engine slow until the road speed and engine rpm match.
10.
Partially depress the clutch pedal, and move the shift lever into the lowest gear in the high range-5th gear in nine-speed models, 6th gear in 10-speed models.
11.
Double clutch and continue upshifting.
Downshifting
1.
With the transmission in high range, shift progressively downward to the bottom gear in high range, 5th gear in nine-speed models, 6th gear in 10-speed models. Double-clutch between shifts. See Table 5.1 .
2.
When in the bottom gear of the high-range shift pattern, and ready for the next downshift, push the range selection lever down into low range. Double-clutch through neutral, and shift into the top gear of the low-range shift pattern. As the shift lever passes through neutral, the transmission will automatically shift from high range to low range.
3.
With the transmission in low range, downshift through the low range gears as conditions require.
NOTE: Never fully depress the clutch pedal to use the clutch brake when downshifting, or as a brake to slow the vehicle.
Meritor Splitter and Range-Shift Models
General Information, Splitter and Range-Shift
The Meritor 13-speed transmission has 13 forward speeds and two reverse speeds. Each transmission consists of a five-speed front section, and a three-speed auxiliary section. The auxiliary section contains low- and high-range ratios, plus, an overdrive splitter gear. See Fig. 5.16 .
All of the 13 speeds are controlled with one shift lever. Built into the shift knob of the lever, are a range selection lever and a splitter control button (on the side of the shift knob) that control range selection and gear splits, respectively.
Low gear in the front section is used only as a starting ratio. The remaining four forward positions are used once in the low range and once in the high range. However, each of the four high range gear positions can be split with the overdrive ratio of the splitter gear. Ratios cannot be split while the transmission is in low range.
- A. High Range
- B. Low Range
- C. Overdrive
- D. Direct Drive
- 1. Splitter Control Button
Fig. 5.16, Meritor 13-Speed Transmission Shift Pattern
Operation, Splitter and Range-Shift
IMPORTANT: The shifter knob has an interlock feature that prevents the splitter control button from being moved up when the range selection lever is down (in the low range). When the transmission is in the high range, and the splitter control button is up, the range selection lever cannot be moved down.
Reverse
To drive in reverse, push the range selector lever down and put the transmission in the low range. Push the clutch pedal to the bottom of its travel, so that the clutch brake slows the transmission for initial gear engagement. While holding the clutch pedal at the bottom of its travel, shift into reverse.
Slowly release the clutch pedal and move the vehicle in reverse.
Upshifting
1.
To drive forward, make sure the vehicle is completely stopped and that the range selector lever is pushed down, to put the transmission in the low range.
2.
Push the clutch pedal to the bottom of its travel, so that the clutch brake slows the transmission for initial gear engagement. While holding the clutch pedal at the bottom of its travel, shift into low.
3.
Slowly release the clutch pedal and begin moving the vehicle forward.
4.
To upshift into 1st gear, only partial depression of the clutch pedal is needed. Do not push the clutch pedal all the way to the floor and engage the clutch brake. Instead, partially depress the clutch pedal, and move the shift lever into neutral.
5.
Release the clutch pedal, and allow the engine to decelerate until the road speed and the engine rpm match.
6.
Partially depress the clutch pedal, and move the shift lever into 1st gear.
7.
Double clutch and continue upshifting until in 4th gear. See Table 5.1 .
8.
To upshift into high range—with the transmission still in 4th gear—push the range selection lever up and put the transmission into high range, then partially depress the clutch pedal and move the shift lever into neutral. As the shift lever passes through neutral, the transmission will automatically shift from low range to high range.
9.
Release the clutch pedal, and let the engine slow until the road speed and engine rpm match.
10.
Partially disengage the clutch, and move the shift lever into 5th gear.
11.
To upshift from 5th gear into 5th overdrive, flip the splitter control button up to the overdrive position; then, immediately release the accelerator, and press and release the clutch pedal. It is not necessary to move the shift lever when shifting from direct to overdrive. The transmission will shift when synchronization with the engine's speed is reached. Accelerate the engine only after the transmission has shifted.
12.
To shift from 5th overdrive to 6th direct, partially disengage the clutch, shift into 6th—but before engaging the clutch—flip the splitter control button down into the direct drive position. Then engage the clutch, and accelerate the engine.
NOTE: Do not move the control button while the shift lever is in neutral.
13.
Shift upward through each of the high range gears, alternating the procedures in steps 10 and 11, above.
Downshifting
1.
Downshift from 8th overdrive to 8th direct without moving the shift lever. Flip the splitter control button down to the direct drive position; then, immediately release the accelerator, and press and release the clutch pedal. Accelerate the engine only after the transmission has shifted.
2.
To downshift from 8th direct to 7th overdrive, flip the splitter control button up to the overdrive position; then, immediately double-clutch through neutral, moving the shift lever from 8th to 7th gear.
3.
Downshift through each of the high range gears alternating the procedures in steps 1 and 2 above, until reaching 5th direct.
4.
While in 5th direct, and ready for the next downshift, push the range selection lever down into low range. Double-clutch through neutral, and shift into 4th gear. See Fig. 5.16 . As the shift lever passes through neutral, the transmission will automatically shift from high range to low range.
5.
With the transmission in low range, downshift through the low range gears as conditions require.
NOTE: Never fully depress the clutch pedal to use the clutch brake when downshifting, or as a brake to slow the vehicle.
Mercedes-Benz Manual Transmissions
CAUTION
Mercedes-Benz (MBT) transmissions use a simple 6-speed gear pattern as shown in Fig. 5.17 .
Fig. 5.17, Shift Pattern, MBT Transmissions
An unloaded vehicle can be started in second gear on level roads or slight grades. Loaded vehicles, or vehicles on substantial grades, must be started only in first gear.
While traveling, check the tachometer regularly to be sure the engine speed is within the most economical range (1400-2000 rpm).
On level roads, drive in the highest usable gear, keeping engine speed down.
CAUTION
When approaching an uphill grade, shift down ahead of time to prevent loss of engine rpm. When approaching a downhill grade, shift down ahead of time to prevent runaway speed.
Change gears only when absolutely necessary. Skip gears if needed.
When shifting, always press the clutch pedal all the way down. Do not force the gear lever.
Before shifting into reverse, be sure the engine is idling and the vehicle is not moving.
CAUTION
Allison Automatic Transmissions
Allison transmissions are fully automatic and include the 1000 Series™, 2000 Series™, 2400 Series™, and the MD series. Refer to the Allison web site for additional information,www.allisontransmission.com. A connection to the Internet is required.
Safety Precautions, On-Highway Transmissions
WARNING
1000 Series
On vehicles with Allison 1000 series transmissions, do the following steps if you have to leave the cab with the engine running (for example, when checking the transmission fluid):
Without Park Position
1.
Bring the vehicle to a complete stop using the service brake.
2.
Ensure that the engine is at low idle rpm.
3.
Put the transmission in neutral.
4.
Apply the emergency brake and/or parking brake, and make sure they are properly engaged.
5.
Chock the rear tires and take any other steps necessary to keep the vehicle from moving.
With Park Position
1.
Bring the vehicle to a complete stop using the service brake.
2.
Ensure that the engine is at low idle rpm.
3.
Put the transmission in P (park).
4.
Apply the parking brake (if equipped), and make sure it is properly engaged.
5.
Engage the park range by slowly releasing the service brake.
6.
Apply the emergency brake (if equipped), and make sure it is properly engaged.
7.
Chock the rear tires and take any other steps necessary to keep the vehicle from moving.
2000 Series™
On vehicles with Allison 2000 series transmissions, do the following steps if you have to leave the cab with the engine running (for example, when checking the transmission fluid):
Without Auto-Apply Parking Brake
Follow the instructions for vehicles with 1000 series transmissions, under the heading "Without Park Position."
With Auto-Apply Parking Brake
1.
Bring the vehicle to a complete stop using the service brake.
2.
Ensure that the engine is at low idle rpm.
3.
Put the transmission in PB (auto-apply parking brake).
4.
Apply the emergency brake (if equipped), and make sure it is properly engaged.
5.
Chock the rear tires and take any other steps necessary to keep the vehicle from moving.
2400 Series™
On vehicles with 2400 series transmissions, follow the instructions for vehicles with 1000 series transmissions.
1.
Bring the vehicle to a complete stop using the service brake.
2.
Ensure that the engine is at low idle rpm.
3.
Put the transmission in P (park).
4.
Apply the parking brake (if equipped), and make sure it is properly engaged.
5.
Engage the park range by slowly releasing the service brake.
6.
Apply the emergency brake (if equipped), and make sure it is properly engaged.
7.
Chock the rear tires and take any other steps necessary to keep the vehicle from moving.
Range Inhibit Indicator, 2000 and 2400 Series
A RANGE INHIBIT indicator is a standard feature of the 2000 series and 2400 series transmissions. The RANGE INHIBIT indicator comes on to alert the driver that transmission operation is being inhibited and that the range shifts being requested by the driver may not occur. When certain operating conditions are detected by the TCM (transmission control module), the controls will lock the transmission in the current operating range.
Shift inhibits occur under the following conditions:
Shifts from neutral to reverse or from neutral to a forward range when the engine is above idle, greater than 900 rpm.
Forward/reverse directional shifts are typically not permitted if appreciable output shaft speed is detected.
When some types of unusual transmission operating conditions are detected by the TCM, the TCM temporarily limits transmission operation until the vehicle can be driven to a service location. When this type of situation is detected, the TCM will lock the transmission in a safe gear range.
The TCM will prevent shifts from park or neutral to range when auxiliary equipment, such as a power takeoff unit (PTO), is in operation.
Operating Instructions, On-Highway Transmissions
Allison automatic transmissions are electronically controlled and come with a push-button shift selector. See Fig. 5.18 . It provides five or six forward ranges and one reverse range.
- 1. Digital Display
- 2. Mode Identification
- 3. Mode Button
Fig. 5.18, Allison Push-Button Shift Selector
P (Park, optional on 1000 and 2400 Series)
Use park when turning the engine on or off, to check vehicle accessories, to operate the engine in idle for longer than 5 minutes, and for stationary operation of the power takeoff, if equipped. This position places the transmission in neutral and engages the park pawl.
PB (Auto-Apply Parking Brake, optional on 2000 Series)
The auto-apply parking brake places the vehicle in neutral and applies the park brake.
R (Reverse)
Reverse is used to back the vehicle. When the selector is in reverse, the reverse warning signal will sound. Always bring the vehicle to a complete stop before shifting from a forward range to reverse, or from reverse to a forward range.
CAUTION
Do not idle in reverse for more than 5 minutes. Select P (park), PB (auto-apply parking brake), or N (neutral) when time at idle exceeds 5 minutes.
NOTE: The shift into reverse may not succeed if a range inhibitor is active. Check for illumination of the RANGE INHIBIT indicator.
N (Neutral)
The neutral position places the transmission in neutral. This position is used when starting the engine and for stationary operation.
WARNING
When neutral is selected, the vehicle service brakes, parking brake, or emergency brake must be applied. Selecting neutral does not apply vehicle brakes unless an auxiliary system to apply the parking brake is installed.
WARNING
Do not let the vehicle coast in neutral. If the vehicle is allowed to coast in neutral, the engine brake will not work and you could lose control of the vehicle.
CAUTION
D (Drive)
WARNING
In the drive position, the transmission will initially go into first range when drive is selected. As vehicle speed increases, the transmission will upshift automatically through each available range up to fourth range or fifth range. As the vehicle slows, the transmission will downshift automatically.
When going downhill, downshift to a lower transmission range to increase engine braking and to help maintain control. The transmission has a feature to prevent automatic upshifting above the lower range selected. However, during downhill operation, the transmission may upshift to the next higher range, if the engine is exceeding its governed speed in the lower range.
CAUTION
NOTE: The shift into drive may not succeed if a range inhibitor is active. Check for illumination of the RANGE INHIBIT indicator.
4 and 3 (Fourth and Third Ranges, optional)
Use the fourth or third range for city traffic and for braking on steep downgrades.
3 and 2 (Third and Second Ranges, standard)
Use the third or second range for heavy city traffic and for braking on steeper downgrades.
1 (First Range)
Use first range when pulling through mud or deep snow, when maneuvering in tight spaces, or when driving up or down very steep grades. First range provides the vehicle with its maximum driving torque and maximum engine braking effect.
General Information, MD Series
MD-series automatic transmissions have six forward speeds and one reverse speed. See Fig. 5.18 . These transmissions have electronic shift controls that can be programmed to allow the use of different numbers of geared speeds. For instance, the transmission can be programmed to operate as a four-speed, five-speed, or six-speed unit in the "primary" shift mode. If needed, a "secondary" shift mode can be programmed to provide another shift configuration to optimize vehicle use under different operating conditions. To activate a secondary shift mode, or other special function programmed into the electronic control unit (ECU), depress the mode button. "Mode On" is displayed in the indicator panel just above the push buttons. A label just above the Mode button identifies the special function.
NOTE: Each time a push button is depressed on the shift selector, a short beep will be heard. This indicates that the ECU has received input to change operation.
The MD-series transmission system is designed to warn the driver of transmission malfunctions. The driver of a vehicle equipped with these transmissions should know the extent of the warning system in order to safely operate the vehicle. See Chapter 3 for information on the warning system.
Safety Precautions, MD Series
WARNING
On vehicles with MD series transmissions, do the following steps if you have to leave the cab with the engine running (for example, when checking the transmission fluid):
1.
Bring the vehicle to a complete stop using the service brake.
2.
Put the transmission in N (neutral).
3.
Ensure that the engine is at low idle rpm (below 1000).
4.
Apply the parking brake and emergency brakes, and make sure they are properly engaged.
5.
Chock the rear tires and take any other steps necessary to keep the vehicle from moving.
Operation, MD Series
CAUTION
1.
Start the engine, then check the digital display on the push button shift selector. Under Select at the top of the unit, the display should always show the primary shift mode. Under Monitor, the gear the transmission is in should be displayed.
WARNING
2.
Use reverse (R) to back the vehicle. Completely stop the vehicle before shifting from a forward gear to reverse or from reverse to forward. There is only one reverse gear.
3.
Select drive (D) for all normal driving conditions. The vehicle will start out in 1st gear, and as speed increases, the transmission will upshift through each gear automatically. As the vehicle slows down, the transmission will downshift to the correct gear automatically.
3.
The pressure of your foot on the accelerator pedal influences the automatic shifting. When the pedal is fully depressed, the transmission will automatically upshift near the governed speed of the engine. A partially depressed position of the pedal will cause the upshifts to occur at a lower engine speed.
4.
Occasionally the road, load, or traffic conditions make it desirable to restrict the automatic shifting to a lower range. The lower the gear range, the greater the engine braking power.
4.
Use the up or down arrow buttons on the shift selector to reach the desired gear. The Select indicator will display your choice, and the Monitor indicator will show the selected gear once it is reached.
NOTE: In the lower gear ranges, the transmission will not upshift above the highest gear selected unless the engine governed speed is exceeded.
5.
Engage neutral (N) and apply the parking brake when the vehicle is parked with the engine running.
CAUTION
Chrysler Automatic Transmissions
General Information, Chrysler
Chrysler four-speed automatic transmissions have six shift positions on the selector lever (see Fig. 5.19 ). The selector lever is lighted for better visibility at nighttime. Each forward shift position provides a range of forward gears that are selected automatically according to the speed of the vehicle, engine temperature, and throttle position.
Fig. 5.19, Shift Indicator Lever
Operation, Chrysler
IMPORTANT: Do not race the engine when shifting from park (P) or neutral (N) into a drive gear range.
1.
Use park (P) to lock the transmission as a supplement to the parking brake. Apply the parking brake first, then shift into park. The engine may be started in this position.
CAUTION
2.
Use reverse (R) to back the vehicle. Completely stop the vehicle before shifting from a forward gear to reverse or from reverse to forward. There is only one reverse gear.
3.
Engage neutral (N) and apply the parking brake when the vehicle is parked with the engine running. The engine may be started in this position.
CAUTION
4.
Select drive (D) for all normal driving conditions. The vehicle will start out in 1st gear, and as speed increases, the transmission will upshift through each gear automatically. As the vehicle slows down, the transmission will downshift to the correct gear automatically.
4.
Fourth gear (overdrive) can be locked out by pressing the O/D OFF switch (for more information, see Overdrive Operation). See Fig. 5.20 .
4.
Occasionally the road, load, or traffic conditions make it desirable to restrict the automatic shifting to a lower range. The lower the gear range, the greater the engine braking power.
5.
Use 2nd (2) for slow driving in heavy city traffic, or on mountain roads when more precise speed control is desirable. Use it also for climbing long grades and for engine braking when descending moderately steep grades. To prevent excessive engine speed, do not drive faster than 45 mph (72 km/h) in this range.
Fig. 5.20, Overdrive OFF Switch
6.
Use 1st (1) for climbing very steep grades and for engine braking at low speeds when going downhill. To prevent excessive engine speed, do not drive faster than 25 mph (40 km/h) in this range.
NOTE: In the lower gear ranges, the transmission will not upshift above the highest gear selected unless the engine governed speed is exceeded.
Overdrive Operation
Overdrive is an electronically-controlled 4th forward gear. The transmission automatically shifts from drive into overdrive when:
The selector lever is in drive (D);
The engine coolant has reached normal operating temperature;
The vehicle speed is above approximately 30 mph (50 km/h);
The O/D OFF switch is not lighted.
The transmission downshifts from overdrive to drive when the accelerator pedal is fully depressed at vehicle speeds above approximately 35 mph (55 km/h).
Overdrive can be locked out by pressing the O/D OFF switch located on the instrument panel. A light in the switch button indicates that overdrive is turned off. To reactivate overdrive, press the switch again. The light will go out, indicating the overdrive feature is active. The transmission now will automatically switch into overdrive whenever conditions are right.
Overdrive is automatically selected every time the engine is started. If desired, the O/D OFF switch must be selected again, after start-up.
When To Lock Out Overdrive
Lock out overdrive when driving in hilly areas, towing a trailer, carrying a heavy load, or whenever frequent shifting is necessary. This will improve performance and reduce the possibility of an overheated engine, or damage to the transmission caused by excessive shifting.
Torque Converter Clutch
The torque converter clutch is a feature designed to improve fuel economy. This clutch within the torque converter engages automatically at calibrated speeds. This may result in a slightly different feeling or response during normal operation in high gear. When vehicle speed drops, or when the vehicle downshifts into 2nd gear during acceleration, the clutch automatically disengages.
NOTE: If the vehicle has not been driven for several days, the first few seconds of operation may seem sluggish. Fluid has partially drained from the torque converter. This is a normal condition and does not cause any damage to the transmission. Allow at least five seconds for the fluid to refill.
Aisin A581 Automatic Transmission
General Information, Aisin
The Aisin A581 automatic transmission has five forward gear selections and one reverse gear selection. The automatic transmission is comprised of a three-element, single-stage and two-phase type torque converter which is a planetary gear unit comprised of three sets of wet multiple disk clutches, three sets of multiple disk brakes, and three sets of planetary gears; an oil pressure control system containing an oil pump and valves; and a computer that automatically shifts gear positions based on vehicle running conditions, such as speed and load.
Operation, Aisin
Gear shift and lockup operation of the A581ATM is controlled by computer and is based on vehicle running conditions, such as throttle opening rate, speed, and gear positions. The A581ATM is provided with POWER/ECONOMY pattern modes. Through this switch, gear shift and lockup timings can be selected based on load and road surface conditions.
Electronic Control Unit (ECU)
The ECU processes data input from sensors and switches, determines gear shift and lockup timing, and transmits signals to the solenoids.
Speed Sensor
The speed sensor detects running speed (transmission output shaft revolution rate) and transmits speed signals to the ECU.
Turbine Revolution Sensor
The turbine revolution sensor detects running speed (transmission output shaft revolution rate) and transmits turbine revolution signals to the ECU.
Oil Temperature Sensor
The oil temperature sensor detects oil temperatures in the oil pan and transmits oil temperature signals to the ECU.
Neutral Start Switch
The neutral start switch detects shift positions (R, N, D, 3, 2, and L) specified when the driver positions the shift selector lever and transmits corresponding signals to the ECU.
Shift Solenoid
The solenoids select the optimum oil path of the valve body in the transmission based on ECU signals to control gear change and lockup operation.
Oil Temperature Switch
When the transmission oil temperature rises abnormally, the oil temperature switch activates to light the oil temperature warning lamp on the driver's instrument panel.
Power Selector Switch
The power selector switch includes two modes: power and economy. Drivers can select a running mode by depressing the power selector switch. This switch transmits information to the ECU gear shift and lockup timing signals appropriate for each running mode.
Over Drive (O/D)
The O/D switch controls O/D status. Gear shift to fifth is prevented when O/D is switched off.
Range Selections
The following information explains how the transmission range selections function when selected. See Fig. 5.21 .
Fig. 5.21, Column Shift Indicator Window
Range 3
When the operator selects range 3, the transmission will only shift between first, second, and third gears.
If the operator selects range 3 while the vehicle is currently in fourth or fifth gear, the transmission will position for a shift to third gear.
During low-speed operation, the gear position is directly shifted to third gear.
During high-speed running, the transmission will position for a downshift to the next available lower gear until the speed is sufficiently reduced to prevent overrun of the engine and the transmission can safely shift into third gear.
Range 2
When the operator selects range 2, the transmission will only shift between first and second gears. If the operator selects range 2 while the vehicle is currently in third, fourth or fifth gear, the transmission will position for a shift to second gear.
During low-speed operation, the gear position is directly shifted to second gear.
During high-speed running, the transmission will position for a downshift to the next available lower gear until the speed is sufficiently reduced to prevent overrun of the engine and the transmission can safely shift into second gear.
Range L
When the operator selects range L, the transmission will remain in first gear and will not upshift. If the operator selects range L while the vehicle is currently in second, third, fourth or fifth gear, the transmission will position for a shift to the low range.
During low-speed operation, the gear position is directly shifted to low range.
During high-speed running, the transmission will position for a downshift to the next available lower gear until the speed is sufficiently reduced to prevent overrun of the engine and the transmission can safely shift into low range.